ETF vs. 주식

주식은 개별 기업 하나에 투자하는 것이고, ETF는 여러 자산을 담은 바구니에 투자하는 것입니다. 거래 방식은 같아 보이지만, 리스크 프로필은 다릅니다.

Buying a stock means owning a piece of one company; your outcome depends on that single business. Buying an ETF means owning a basket — sometimes thousands of securities — so no single company's failure can wipe out the position. The trade itself looks identical: both have tickers, bid/ask spreads, and intraday prices.

The trade-off is concentration versus diversification. A single stock can multiply many times over or go to zero; a broad ETF will roughly track its market segment. Sector and thematic ETFs sit in between — diversified across companies, but concentrated in one industry's fate.

ETFs also charge an ongoing expense ratio, which individual stocks do not. For most ETFs this is small (often a few hundredths of a percent), but it is a real cost of the packaging.